Btc may be antithetical to its origin . Centralization has been achieved (hoarding done by institutional structures w/ more buying power). what’s the point of btc ( no middleman / p2p ) if concentrated w/ those who serve as middleman in every relevant context? (Blackrock etc)

I am using an old iPhone 8 with the Gordian seed tool, and I have been wondering what could possibly be some weaknesses in my setup?

I have deleted all the apps I won’t be using. There’s no phone app, no messaging app, no web browser, no iTunes logged in, no iMessage. All the settings like location sharing, app permissions, data tracking, analytics. Everything is turned off, no WiFi, no SIM card, in airplane mode.

I am currently using sparrow and electrum on my laptop, and blue wallet on my regular phone. Everything is done via airgapped with QR codes. I am ocd as to not allow any other cameras to see these codes.

I have considered having the wireless antenna disabled. If anyone could maybe think of some ways I could better secure this device, I would greatly appreciate the feedback.

I don't usually post stuff like this, but I've been a loyal Apple user since 2008 with over 7 devices on one Apple ID, plus the usual subscriptions (iCloud+, In App purchases, app subscriptions) so this one stung in a specific way.

In June I downloaded an app called "Wasabi Bitcoin & Crypto Wallet" from the official App Store. It looked completely legitimate, normal listing, developer name, screenshots, reviews. It turned out to be an impersonation of the real Wasabi Wallet. Wasabi Wallet is an open-source, desktop-only software that has never had a mobile app. In August, a wallet I'd created inside that fake app was drained in a single transaction; about 0.9 BTC, roughly $53k at the time.

The theft is bad enough. What's been almost as frustrating is that there's no way to actually talk to a person at Apple about it. No phone line, no support chat for this, just web forms (Apple's own "report a problem" page, and their EU "Digital Services Act" reporting portal). I filed a police report. I reported it through every official channel Apple offers. Apple's own review team closed my EU complaint with a one line reply: insufficient information, or no violation found. No further explanation.

One thing that's stuck with me: with the real, open-source Wasabi Wallet, anyone can verify a release is genuine by checking its cryptographic signature on GitHub. On the App Store, there's no equivalent. As a user, you have no way to check that an app is actually from the developer it claims to be. You're just trusting Apple's review process, full stop. That trust is what got me here.

What makes it sting more: Apple's own App Store Review Guidelines, not marketing copy, their actual rulebook for developers say: "These efforts have made Apple's platforms the safest for consumers around the world." That's the exact trust I was operating on.

This isn't a one-off either. Security researchers found dozens of similar fake wallet apps on the App Store this year alone (Kaspersky, April 2026). There's also an ongoing US lawsuit over a nearly identical fake Sparrow Wallet app. I'm not trying to start a pile-on, I still like my Apple devices. I just wish there were an actual way to be heard, and wanted other people to be a bit more careful with anything wallet-related in the App Store, "official" or not.

Happy to answer questions if anyone's curious or has been through something similar.

Cold Storage Self Custody seems the most obvious thing to do but without a third party to assist you with your security - seed phrase management - it seems like one of the biggest challenges - for myself -and - for mass adoption.

Im afraid that a lot more BTC is going to go to the grave with people like me.

The recent technical challenges with wallets are only a sidebar to this - but also relevant.

I am aging (64M) and cannot rely on my memory and health like I once did.

I think thes challenges are going to stall the anticipated growth and potential we have all believed is possible.

No mining, no Bitcoin.

Simple as that.

Hello, does anyone has experience with taking loans from the bank to invest in btc or other crypto assets and then borrowing against those assets to build wealth?
I’m interested if I borrow money from the bank to invest in money appreciating assets, do I look at annual inflation that eats up my debt?
Is it smart to borrow from the bank and stake that amount or to put in liquidity pool for some interest rate?

What are your expeiriences and tips for wealth building methods like this?

Take away the " It woUlD TAkE 100 YeArs or Quantum computers" to crack argument.

Assume AI does get strong enough to crack the network or wallets. With how big the network is now, would a clean fork even be possible? What would prevent the fork from getting cracked also.

Ask (and answer!) away! Here are the general rules:

• If you'd like to learn something, ask.
• If you'd like to share knowledge, answer.
• Any question about Bitcoin is fair game.

And don't forget to check out /r/BitcoinBeginners

You can sort by new to see the latest questions that may not be answered yet.

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I see Anthropic has released a free security tool - requires core maintainers to sign up. It'd be reassuring if Bitcoin was in the list!

https://www.anthropic.com/research/launching-opt-in-vuln-finding-service-for-open-source

title

This may be the wrong place to ask for financial advice but I figured I would throw it out there. I got a nice chunk of cash sat to the side and some BTC. I got 10k in debt and was considering taking the cash I was initially going to pay off the debt and adding it to my BTC stack. Afterwards, I would take my stack and use it as collateral for a loan. Based on what I found, Coinbase variable rates seems to fluctuate from about 5-13%, which 13% is half the interest rates on my credit cards. Has anyone done this?? Any downsides to doing this besides the obvious if the BTC price drops?? I would be looking to do a loan at about 40-50% LTV.

My understanding is you can expect to lose about 1% when cashing out BTC on an exchange?

Anyone recommend which exchange has the smallest fee s or spread when selling BTC?

So after all these wallet problems, which one is still a good choice? Or what's the safest way to hodl?

In order to generate seed phrase in Seedsigner we have two methods. Dice rolls and camera. Which method gives higher entropy?

1. Camera method: Example: Splitting my laptop screen into four or five parts and each one has a different colorful video playing and take a picture?

2. Use dice rolls?

Also, in some newer versions of seedsigner there’s one with a smart card slot which allows you to save the seed phrase into a card for easier use without the need to scan the seed QR every time .. what do you think about it? Is it safe? Does it have any potentials to be hacked or read by other parties equipments?

Thank you

First the coldcard retirement attack, now the ledger supply chain attack. Hearts go out to the folks who used these devices.

In the case of coinkite, we learned how outspoken, arrogant, and duplicitous the founder rodolfo novak acted regularly. Including how he used many fake accounts on social media to prop up the image of "the best" and controlled several websites which acted like friendly guides and pointed users at his own compromised products.

What will we learn about ledger?

This seems like a more sophisticated attack that took a lot of money or expertise. Before today I would have laughed if someone mentioned a screen reading wire, esim, and supply chain attack. Surprised.

Yeti cold 2.0 gets you setup with the best system for all of it l. You know core is being reviewed by thousands of people at a time not a small team.

I’ll
Never go back to a hardware wallet ever again. Ledger also has backdoors to extract your seed which most people aren’t aware of. Cold card had bad gen. Trezor recently had database hacked and device tampered with. Ledger had device tampered with and people lost funds. Tangem has just been hacked.

This is all recent month or two. The hardware wallet industry makes their money by rug pulling you. Look into a retirement attack, that’s exactly what played out with coldcard.

the way i buy coin currently is i get lightning network BTC from an exchange specific to my country, this gets sent to a strike wallet, then i get strike to send me actual BTC (this is the cheapest way for me to get coin, as I pay 1% on the exchange and nothing for the transfer)

I was just wondering, when people launder BTC and mix it or whatever, what is to stop either my local exchange (which deals in both BTC and lightning) or strike ending up with some, and sending it to me when i buy, I would have no way to check this before receiving the funds, and it could compromise my entire stack which sits on one wallet

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when I look into the commun I fell like 90% of you just holding them btc in cold wallet. yes I know about security it’s the best but I am really feel like lonely about stacking mine and generate some interest until the btc get higher (like new Ath) again?

Hi everyone!

I actually wanted to ask what is going on with hardware wallets over the past few months, or more specifically, throughout 2026.

To be honest, I have never seen this many security incidents in such a short period of time. From Ledger and Trezor to Tangem, Coldcard, D'Cent Wallet, and others, it seems like the entire hardware wallet industry is facing serious security challenges.

And now we're hearing about devices being shipped with SIM cards installed and fake devices potentially making their way to customers. This is getting ridiculous.

Of course, hacks and security incidents have always happened, but I don't remember seeing so many different wallet manufacturers being affected within such a short period.

What is actually causing all of this? Is there something specific driving this wave of attacks in 2026, or is it simply that these incidents are getting more attention than they used to?

I'd genuinely like to hear your thoughts and opinions on what's happening in the hardware wallet industry right now.

I understand that its always been advised to source a hardware wallet directly from the manufacturer, never from amazon or a reseller, and ive obeyed those recommendations.

But why is the manufacturer to be trusted either?

Say a hardware wallet from Trezor, who seem to have been top standard for many years. Even their old models appear to have used entropy of multi sources, but is the next attack going to shock everyone and be one of these companies directly sourced hardware.

Should we be switching back to an old linux laptop with no connection to the internet and perhaps using just core software for wallet creation? At least that software has hopefully been throughly audited by the larger bitcoin community?

I am just curious as I (25M) currently use Fidelity as my stock brokerage and Coinbase/Kraken as my crypto exchange. For me, I just don't like Robinhood and knew about the Gamestop/AMC fiasco and their PFOF system and spreads. RH's customer service also leaves a lot to be desired. My cousin (31M) told me he is a genius investor and financial advisor but I have seen his account dip from 250,000 USD in 2017 to 50,000 USD in 2026 due to contrarian trading.

My cousin (who has an SAT of 1350 on a 2400 scale, not a 1600 scale) put tens of thousands of USD in personal loans into Robinhood, only uses Robinhood, and will not switch to another platform. He owes over half a million in student and personal loans after having dropped out of pharmacy school 2 weeks before finishing his final course in Summer of 2019 (6 years in, having finished x out of x+1 courses, aka 1 course remaining). My cousin is now a W2 long haul truck driver making 90k a year in a 70 hour workweek and has been on the road for 6 years, staying in the same company. He stated that he will never leave trucking or pay his student loans and only pay off the minimum in his 350k student loans, and will only quit trucking and enter real estate once he becomes a multi-millionaire.

My cousin stated that the reason why some wealthy and affluent individuals use Schwab, Fidelity, Morgan Stanley/E-Trade, Goldman Sachs, Vanguard, and IBKR is because they are forced to by their companies because their 401k is attached to it. He stated that they are willing to switch to Robinhood, but are stuck in these other platforms. He stated that the taxes on Robinhood are far simpler in format than the others, and he could use Robinhood on his phone whilst hauling a truck on the road. My cousin argued that it was the trader's fault for the Gamestop and AMC fiasco and that they should have not invested in it and looked at the company fundamentals. My cousin also argued that if an asset went up even 1 percent, it is too late as the ship sailed and you should only buy the dip.

And the population will be switched to the new financial system of digital programmable currency.

They'll accept, because they'll have no choice.

Bitcoin in self custody, and those holding physical assets will be the least effected by this.

Do not let amplified news of self custody failures shake you from owning and managing your own keys. Remain diligent and self sovereign as humanly possible or become subordinate to whatver the future pivots you into.

Curious your thoughts?

Beyond its limited supply what do you think makes bitcoin unique compares to others forms of money?

I recently purchased the "Freedom Builder" program by The Bitcoin Family / Freedom Academy through the Whop platform for €4,000. It quickly became clear that the content of the course was deeply disappointing; the vast majority of the material is blatantly AI-generated and does not offer the quality you would expect for such a massive purchase price.

When I formally requested a refund within the legal European 14-day cooling-off period through the Whop Resolution Center, a highly aggressive and misleading retention process was launched by their sales team (High Ticket Closers).

Heavy psychological pressure was put on me via WhatsApp for days. They demanded that I jump on a mandatory phone call with a manager before they could "process the refund," which is legally completely false. The absolute low point was when the manager tried to blackmail me into manually cancelling my official Whop dispute. He blatantly lied, claiming that I could "always reopen the case later," solely hoping that I would throw away my consumer protection so they could keep the €4,000 for good.

I stood my ground, refused to fall for their manipulation over the phone, and let the official Whop procedure run its course. Exactly 7 minutes before the hard deadline set by Whop, the company backed down and had to accept the refund to avoid platform sanctions.

My money is now on its way back, but I want to warn everyone: be very careful with the smooth talk of The Bitcoin Family. The content is mediocre, and the moment you want to exercise your legal rights, their closers will try to deceive you with highly unethical practices and lies. Don't fall for it!

Has anyone else also here been trading BTC and basing there trades of key levels + liquidation heatmaps levels ?

It’s a little strategy which works out with tight stop losses so wondering if anyone does anything similar

My wallet have several address, but I'd like to move bitcoin from a specific address to another address. Is this possible?

Hey everyone!

Everybody knows that on a Trezor, you can change your device wallpaper. So, I decided to make a website where you can find clean, manually approved wallpapers from artists all around the world—all specially designed to work on the Trezor Model One.

If you want to join us and help build a great library of custom pixel art specifically for the Trezor Model One, check it out at https://trezorart.org! You will automatically be given the "Tester" role in our Discord and any suggestions are greatly appreciated!

Find a way to increase your income without being too miserable.

Spend less than you make and divest US ponzi dollars by saving in Bitcoin in self custody.

Work on other aspects of your life to increase your well-being. Diet, relationships, hobby, etc

You'll never find happiness with the rampant fiat fetish on display in this sub. Truly sad we have this technology and instead of trying to build a world where we might be able to use it in a circular economy, most sit looking at charts obsessing over how many US dollars they can trade it for.

Create something, offer it up for Bitcoin. Provide value to someone, ask for Bitcoin. Real adoption happens in the streets.

It doesnt matter if Bitcoin makes you "rich", most idiots will happily trade it back for collapsing fiat immediately before they'll need Bitcoin most.

The recent ledger attack where the hackers supposedly installed a sim that spied slowly on the display and recorded the seedphrase. Some people are suggesting that it's better go to seedless with your self-custody setup since that will keep your seed from getting recorded anywhere.

I currently use a wallet with Shamir's Secret Sharing so it goes seedless by default. Anyone trying to mess with the hardware will have to modify more than 1 part of the device and doing that in a card with ana EAL6+ chip shouldn't be possible.

That is what I believe makes atleast my setup immune to such attacks. Curious to know what others think and if there are better solutions to this.

If CryptoBilis is a reseller of cold wallets of different varieties then why was Ledger the only one that was tampered with? Could this be that Ledger was the device that could have easily tampered with in comparison to the others OR were they tampered with before CryptoBilis recieved them?

Hey Colleagues

In my office I get a 19:1 odd if I dare to bet against the crowd - which thinks Bitcoin will Peak below 250k - on BTC crossing 250k until 2030.

I need to place the bet on Monday and its backed by people that can afford it and Can be trusted.

Seriously, I would think the likely peak is in the range of 175k-225k, but the odds are just too attractive, aren‘t they?

Would you bet 10k on it?

Ray

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I’ve been researching Bitcoin ATMs lately, and something I’ve been wondering about is how much of the business happens behind the scenes. Buying a machine seems pretty straightforward compared to everything else involved. You still need a good location, enough transaction volume, banking arrangements, regulatory compliance, maintenance, and a blah blah...

I am kinda lost rn, so my questions:

What’s the hardest part of running a Bitcoin ATM business that most beginners completely overlook?

And if you were starting again today, would you still do it? And how if yeah?

Curious to hear some honest experiences. Thx a lot.

I would greatly appreciate any response.

Those acronyms abbreviate Market Value to Realized Value, Spent Output Profit Ratio, and Net Unrealized Profit/Loss.

Whats going on with this app, ive tried to verify 3 times and it wont go through.

Guys please ila 9der chi wahed isalfni 100 DH hta nredha lih 3endi bzaf dyal lora9 khsni n9adhom gheda oma3andich daba ma3rftch wach kayn chi wahed i9der i3awen mais sm7o liya 3la had Request ila kan anti Rules

I’ve been selling covered calls on some of my ibit positions. I’ve been using the premiums to buy more bitcoin or rebalance my portfolio.

I’m going to get assigned today for the first time. Only about 30 cents above my strike price rn so still a decent win with a 1.2$ premium collected

Plan to buy some cash secured puts at the same strike at market open tomorrow probably around 21DTE

Biggest downside is big upwards movements can wipe out weeks or maybe even months of premiums. And if bitcoin goes the opposite way I’m happy just stacking more at a cheaper price while slowing down the options trading.

To hedge this strategy I bought some leaps when bitcoin was most recently at 62k which will expire dec of this year. I also leave a nest egg of bitcoin that i only contribute to and will never sell.

Happy to hear everyone’s thoughts, questions, tips etc

Following the recent Ledger news, I’m reviewing my long-term Bitcoin cold-storage setup.
I’m considering moving from a traditional single hardware-wallet setup to something with less dependence on one device, seed or manufacturer.
The setup I’m researching is:
2-of-3 multisig
Hardware signers from different manufacturers
Bitcoin-only devices where possible
Trezor / BitBox / potentially a third independent signer
Sparrow or Electrum as coordinator
Physical backups stored separately
A smaller separate wallet for BTC that needs to remain easily accessible
I’d like to hear from people who have actually been running similar setups long-term.
Multisig or single hardware wallet + passphrase?
Which hardware signers would you choose today?
Sparrow or Electrum for multisig?
How do you distribute devices and backups geographically without making recovery overly complicated?
Have you tested recovery after intentionally removing one signer from the setup?
How do you handle inheritance?
What would you change if you were building your cold-storage setup again today?
What are the biggest mistakes people make when moving to multisig?
I’m particularly interested in setups people have personally used, rather than theoretical recommendations.
For obvious reasons I won’t disclose holdings, wallet addresses, seed information or physical storage locations, and I won’t respond to DMs offering wallet/recovery/security services.
Please keep advice in the public thread.

In the next two-tree years I want to buy a house, because it sucks paying rent when you could be paying off your own mortgage instead.

In order to do so I would either have to sell some (or most) of my BTC, but then again that doesn’t feel right either due to the long-term potential it has that I believe in.

Are there other ways I could use my BTC to finance a property without having to sell?

Not buying BTC on an exchange. I mean actually using it to pay for something.

Was it worth it, or do you still think about how many sats you spent? ????

Sold all my crypto yesterday :(

I got lucky and doubled my money over the past 3 years, but I realized crypto just isn't for me anymore.

After having 2 kids, my risk tolerance has changed a lot. Every major price drop caused me a ton of stress, and I just don't think it's worth it anymore.

Anyone else had a similar experience?

Assume Bitcoin’s model is the right one for money. Now imagine a country copies the code exactly: same rules, same supply cap, no premine, no admin keys, no control. The government’s only role is declaring it legal tender, accepting it for taxes, and paying salaries in it.

The argument for it: if the country adopts BTC, about 95% of the supply is already mined and held by early adopters, so citizens have to buy in from them. With its own clone, its citizens become the early adopters instead.

Problems I can see:

• Early mining rewards would go to whoever has the hashpower on day one, likely big foreign mining farms
• Existing Bitcoin miners could easily 51% attack a new chain using the same algorithm
• Since the state is the main source of demand, it could effectively choose which fork counts later, so the cap might not be credible

Is there a fatal flaw I’m missing, or could this actually work better than adopting BTC directly?

PS: I used AI to translate my thoughts; English is not my first language.

Hi I want to use bitcoin core as one of the multisig signers (along with hwws) to diversify multisig signers using sparrow as coordinator wallet. I am open to other coordinator wallets if it works there and its open source/well known.

Is this possible? Is it easy? Is there a guide? I could not find any info on this. Your input is much appreciated.

Finally achieved the 0.1 BTC

Keep stacking!

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Is it good time to buy some BTC

I ve been hearing how BTC (crypto) will converge with AI since some time last year when Tom Lee started talking about it. Very recently I started hearing Jordi Visser talking about it, too and he goes even further saying that crypto has always been destined for AI economy.
I am taking everything with a grain of salt, I am trying to separate narrative from truth. However, both of them are pretty convincing. The BTC white paper says it is “…peer to peer digital cash” so that fits ok.
Whats everyone thinking, folks?

87k a almost 90k is still. A loss cause almost dosent make you anything so if u thought it was gonna go up ur laughable

Given that under the new German tax reform, anyone who buys BTC before 2026 is exempt from capital gains tax, do you think there will be a massive influx of capital into Bitcoin—especially considering Germany is one of the top three European countries for Bitcoin investment?

I have tracked BTC since 2017 and became more committed in 2020. I have reached a stage where I share less because those around me seem less concerned about their future and prefer the simplest path. ( The hard part is that I want to share what I learn and the potential it has but I just know it will fall on deaf ear so I just don’t wanna bother people or waste my energy.)

Second, I feel pleased when BTC rises and my holding price increases. Yet I am equally content when it drops, since that allows me to acquire more at a lower cost. I intend to hold until 2030 and may never sell my entire stack.

I just woke up and noticed BTC back at 80k, so I turned to my wife and said, “btc back to 80k yay! That means I can get more for cheaper!”

Does anyone else feel this way?

Whenever you think things are gonna go bad just remember to zoom out and remember BTC will always go up.
Happy stacking ????

The 2030s will be the decade AI takes over so many information centric industries.

AI agents and AI avatars wont use geographically restricted bank accounts. They will use programmable money that is uncensorable, instant, and global by nature.

Then once bitcoin and lightning and whatever else is the globally dominant money used by AI humans will have no choice but to adopt the same monetary medium or isolate themselves from the global economy.

Bitcoin has always been inevitable but the rise of AI is speeding up the inevitability of bitcoins global adoption.

By 2035 every human on earth will understand bitcoin is the money of the future.

Is 100 euros a month into BTC from today until December 2040 a good amount please? I am very new to this. Please be nice and tell me honestly please what you think as experts. TIA :)

As the title says, I have about £9000 on etoro and £2500 on coinbase, I don’t know if they are the safest place to store and buy it on. I have and am googling it to educate myself but wanted to know where others have theirs.

was going through the list to verify my physically printed pills are complete and noticed.

The lightning network is a second-layer solution on top of the Bitcoin blockchain that enables quick, cheap and scalable Bitcoin payments.

Here is the place to discuss and learn more about lightning!

Ask your questions about lightning

Provide reviews, feedback, comparisons of LN apps, services, websites etc

Learn about new LN features, development, apps

Link to good quality resources (articles, wikis etc)

Resources:

• Here is an awesome list of resources: https://bitcoinfo.org/lightning.html

• Want to test out your lightning fire power? tip the Bitcoin devs! https://bitcoindevlist.com/

• Previous threads: Search

• Lnbook getting closer towards being finished and can already be seen at: https://github.com/lnbook/lnbook

• Lightning Dedicated YouTube Channel: https://youtube.com/renepickhardt

• Also there is the playlist by chaincode labs: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpLH33TRghT17_U3as2P3vHfAGL8pSOOY

• Lightning stores: https://www.lightningnetworkstores.com/

• Learn more and talk about lightning right here in r/Bitcoin, r/bitcoinbeginners and r/thelightningnetwork

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Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

Not hacks you read about. Your own near-miss.

Mine was almost tossing an old notebook during a move. Seed phrase was on page 40, between grocery lists. Found it by luck.

Everyone talks about price. Nobody talks about how many coins are one bad cleaning day away from gone.

What was your close call, and what did you change after?

has anyone else have this happen in the last hour?

just curious if anyone has ever been able to recover or get into one of the old wallet.dat files from btc core. don’t have high hopes of getting it back, but would love to pursue if it’s possible. with the help of ai, this is what I can provide for clarity. like many cases I cannot for the life of me figure out what the password is. it’s from a very long time ago. obviously dms will be ignored. I see that btcrecover is a good tool to try, any advice?

• 57,344-byte legacy Berkeley DB wallet

• BDB BTREE v9

• Wallet version: 40,000

• 102 unique encrypted private keys

• All are old-style uncompressed public keys

• 1 encrypted master key

• 9 wallet transaction records

• Earliest timesmart: June **, 2011

• Latest: August **, 2011

• Default key = the *.** BTC address

• The *.** BTC address's private key is definitely encrypted inside the wallet

• Encryption uses SHA-512-based derivation and AES-256-CBC

• 62,313 derivation iterations

Hey everyone,

As the title says I’m looking to get into Bitcoin. Going to start watching videos on it so I actually understand what I’m doing. But, what would you say is the best Bitcoin or ETF to get right now?

For me the scariest part wasn't buying, it was the first time I sent from my own wallet and stared at the address for like five minutes before hitting send.

What was the moment it clicked for you, and what almost scared you off?

That Friday close (23 Jul 1999): 10y at 5.84%, 30y kissing 6%. Today’s 10y is 5.27% — so we still need about half a point to reach that. After that it's price discovery and I think BTC will be in a handsome position

I've been looking more closely at the architecture behind Mostro after deciding to help the MostroEuropa community.

The part I find most interesting isn't simply “no KYC.”

It's the separation of responsibilities.

Communication happens over Nostr. Settlement happens over Lightning. During a trade the seller's sats are committed using a Lightning hold invoice/HTLC rather than being deposited into a conventional exchange account with an internal user balance.

That doesn't make the system trustless. The coordinator still matters, the implementation matters and dispute resolution matters.

But it gives the intermediary less authority than the normal custodial exchange model.

I wrote up why that architecture convinced me to help an independent European coordinator:

https://davidebtc186.substack.com/p/why-i-chose-mostroeuropa-for-peer

I'm particularly interested in one question:

For P2P Bitcoin markets, which functions actually require an intermediary and which ones can we remove entirely?

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Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

I'm buying bitcoin for the first time. My question is, if I got enough extra money that I wouldn't use for any time soon, is it safe to buy bitcoin with it blindly? I'm a student in Thailand; I got a scholarship at my college and my parents are providing me enough for daily expenses. So, I wanna invest the rest of my money I make from teaching in bitcoin. Please give me suggestions.

OK...so I bought some BC on Venmo to send to a friend overseas and when I went to send it, it's stating that I have 0 BC available to send. WTH?

Best way to sell .9 btc please it hurts pretty bad buying with intention of 1 coin before selling but times have hit a hard spot and need a new vehicle while out of work looking for employment have to have a car so im taking the hit being what I invested it for but now having trouble with them allowing it now taking atleast 24hrs to complete kyc verification I need best way to get 8k if its multiple smaller or moving from ledger to other wallet in crypto(. )Com help in any available tyi

No bitcoin sold got a personal loan instead thank you for all the comments im never selling

It's lower level than money. It is the system that allows you to have electronically traceable bearer instruments. It allows for currencies, equities, bonds, options, futures, swaps and all the other financial instruments that make up our capital market to exist.

Market Infrastructure is one of our oldest, widely distributed technologies. It's a list that doesn't change.

It's one job is transaction finality. This is handled by a clearing house in the old world that is sunsetting. We need a list, that has an immutable history. This was long sought to be an impossible computer science problem until bitcoin came a long.

If you have ever sent a international wire, you have experienced this. A alpha numeric address and a transaction that can't be reversed under any circumstance. Wires hit the clearing house(s).

When we have market infrastructure in place, it allows for price discovery. We know when we trade, the trade can't be reversed. The transaction finality is the requirement to have price discovery.

So when you are buying btc, you are investing in the most important technology that is often stable for centuries. Market infrastructure rarely changes.

You are all early. Tech Infrastructures, like information, communication, energy and logistics take about 50-60 years and have 5 stages. It's called a Perez cycle. Irruption, speculative frenzy, turning point, synergy, and maturity.

Plays out the same way, every time.

BTC is in the turning point. ETFs, stable coins, its being adopted by the incumbent industries.

When it hits synergy, that is when the omega candle happens. That is probably in 5-10 years. I think AI Agents will be driving that because they wont be signing up for banking or brokerage accounts. They will be making their currencies, options, equities, bonds, futures and other exotic financial instruments on top of btc.

I encourage you to think about this for a moment, and spread this message, the comparison and disruption to the clearing house is the apt analogy.

Financial systems are built in layers of institutions that have separate responsibilities. Bitcoin disrupts the lowest layer, the clearing house.

This is why bitcoin's ascent is inevitable. It's taking over everything and the nation states can't stop or slow it, they can't even survive it.

Future is going to be weird.

There is no technology that is more powerful or important than market infrastructure. That is why bitcoin is the most valuable thing you can own.

I have a large amount of capital freeing up I want to put into bitcoin. From a checking account to a cold wallet what is the best and cheapest option to get it done?

I have been using coinbase with a pro account for years to dca and make smaller lump sum buys, currently I have a .9% fee on up to 10k a month (fees goes up after that first 10k but not sure to what). I will be surpassing that 10k with this buy and obviously want to pay as little as possible in fees. I am based in the US.

Before 2014, anyone who wanted to put data on chain encoded it as fake addresses, and those outputs sit in every node's UTXO set forever. Bitcoin Core 0.9.0 added OP_RETURN as a prunable alternative, first with a 40-byte cap, raised to 80 in 0.11. That ceiling stood for a decade. Bitcoin Core 30.0 raised the default to 100,000 bytes in October 2025. None of it is consensus, only relay policy.

I wrote this up for ChainQuery with the RPC calls shown so you can rerun them on your own node: block 350,000 next to block 840,000 with getblockstats, the Counterparty, Omni and Open Assets envelopes, and the VeriBlock episode, when one project was pushing up to a fifth of daily transactions through this one opcode. For the short version of what the opcode is: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/opreturn

I’ve been a bit lax securing my bitcoin and now is the time… I’ve got to move it to the cold wallet
I don’t have great knowledge about any of it to be honest, and I just need something which is going to be simple to use & secure
Ai has suggested bitnox02 and jade butni don’t trust ai hat much
Any help would be great to solve this

I have stacked my way to 0,1 Bitcoin. Ain’t much but still is. End of message

As citizens, it is our duty to share what protects us, one way or another.
Bitcoin is one of those protections.

Bitcoin - Hold It Close (Song)

[Verse 1]
Pocket full of dust and dreams
I learned the hard way, count the seams
Cold wallet tucked in the drawer
I was broke, now I want more
Late nights staring at the chart
Heart beat fast, hand on the start
Every dip felt like a test
I kept my chin up, did my best

[Pre-Chorus]
Up and down, I don't blink
Red and green, I still think
Hold tight when the room gets loud
I don't fold, I stand my ground

[Chorus]
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, hold it close
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, watch it grow
I came up from the bottom floor
Now I don't panic anymore
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, hold it close
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, let it roll

[Verse 2]
Friend said sell, I said wait
Moon on my mind, not the bait
Bought a little on a cold Monday
Then the whole world looked my way
Bills in the pile, rent due soon
Still I kept my eyes on June
Tiny stack in a quiet room
Turned that hope into a bloom

[Pre-Chorus]
Up and down, I don't blink
Red and green, I still think
Hold tight when the room gets loud
I don't fold, I stand my ground

[Chorus]
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, hold it close
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, watch it grow
I came up from the bottom floor
Now I don't panic anymore
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, hold it close
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, let it roll

[Bridge]
If it falls, I learn again
If it rises, I win again
Paper hands can chase the wave
I keep mine for another day

[Final Chorus]
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, hold it close
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, watch it grow
I came up from the bottom floor
Now I don't panic anymore
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, hold it close
Bitcoin, Bitcoin, let it roll

Been DCAing very small amounts and have now reached around 0.01 BTC.

At this amount, is it worth moving the BTC to a private cold wallet, or is it reasonable to keep it on an exchange like Binance for now?

I generally follow a simple rule: don’t get involved in things you don’t understand yourself. Cold storage is something I’m still learning about, and it feels like there’s always some new potential risk or failure mode that could come up and affect the funds.

For Trezor-type hardware wallets, I feel that relying on a third party always introduces some degree of risk, whether it’s a wallet company or an exchange. That’s why I’m more interested in creating a completely offline wallet myself using an offline device, rather than relying on a dedicated wallet company.

For those who have gone down this route: at 0.01 BTC, would you self-custody, or would you consider the amount too small to justify the added complexity/risk?

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So I ended up going all in on buying asic miners, in my fleet I currently have 2 s21 pro 235th version bought for 1000 each both are in good working condition, 2 s21 pros 245th for 1700 each, 3 whatsminer m61s for 750 each, 1 m61 for 550, 1 m60 for 500. All machines are in good and working order, my electricity rate is 0.07kwh. Assuming there are no breakdowns with my machines how well did I do for sourcing?

???? The bull story

1. Tokenized real-world assets are becoming a huge narrative.... is positioned around bringing traditional financial assets—especially U.S. Treasuries and other real-world assets—onto blockchain. If tokenization becomes a major part of global finance, ... is sitting directly in that lane..

i have €0 in my bank account and wanted dead by daylight, then remembered i had like €2 of bitcoin sitting on an old ledger in my closet
deposited it into a crypto casino because apparently i’m a financial genius. somehow got it to €6, but that wasn’t enough for the minimum withdrawal, so i put the entire €6 on a coinflip
somehow won and cashed out €12.40 immediately lol
withdrew through lightning to phoenix, got hit with liquidity fees and ended up with 14,696 sats (~€11)
dbd was €7.99, easy right? except steam doesn’t take bitcoin
tried buying a €10 steam card on coingate: 15,947 sats. i had 14,696. literally 1,251 sats short
eventually found a €10 eneba card on bitrefill for 14,050 sats, paid with lightning, redeemed it and bought a dbd steam key for €6.69
so i somehow turned €2 of forgotten bitcoin into dead by daylight + €3.31 left on eneba
bank account is still €0
all this shit for an €8 game lmao
and no i’m not doing the casino part again, i got stupidly lucky

Institutional owners continue to buy BTC with amounts unreachable for individual person. What if one day BTC is owned almost entirely from companies and funds? What will happen then?

Today I tried to transfer a few grand from my bank account to Cashapp to stack some sats but my bank blocked the transaction as if they don’t want me to move my money out of the account.

We don’t truly own our money in our bank accounts. Bitcoin with self custody is the only way!

Bitcoin's limited supply remains one of its most discussed monetory features.

The Human Brain Isn’t Built for Trillions. Let’s Translate Money into Time.

If $1 equals 1 second:

1 million seconds: 11.5 days (less than a two-week vacation)

1 billion seconds: 31.7 years (a full working career)

1 trillion seconds: 31,688 years (predates all of recorded human history)

Now look at U.S. fiat debt:

$1.3 trillion (Annual interest payment alone): ~41,200 years

To count just one year of interest on the national debt at $1 per second, the clock would have had to start around 39,000 BC….when Neanderthals still walked the Earth.

$40 trillion (Total national debt): 1,267,524 years

Counting our national debt in seconds reaches back over 1.2 million years… long before Homo sapiens existed.

Now Look at Bitcoin:

21 million BTC (The absolute hard cap): 243 days (~8 months)
Every Bitcoin that will ever be mined, held, or traded fits inside under eight months of seconds.

Bitcoin had obituaries in the first 5 years of existence. It did not die. Nocoiners must have noticed that, yet they did not buy.

Bitcoin was the most googled word in 2017. Everybody heard it by then. No excuses of the type "I did not know", starting that date.

In 2020, everybody was given a stimmy check that a lot of smart ppl converted to Bitcoin right teh fuk away. Everybody knew about it. Free monmey, that nocoiners "missed" to turn into Bitcoin. Everybody who took on the chance is in huge profit.

1. Bitcoin at its lowest, the criminal games of Genslerbitch give yet another chance for buying Bitcoin. Sting of inflation evident. If a nocoiner missed this one, there are no excuses.

Why was Bitcoin’s supply issuance designed to halve every four years (210000 blocks) instead of gradually reducing the block reward every block by a tiny amount to achieve essentially the same overall issuance curve without such a sudden supply shock? Was it mainly for simplicity and predictability, or is there a deeper economic or technical reason for having these discrete halvings?

I'm researching a specific question about crypto security:

If someone physically coerces the legitimate owner into authorizing a transaction, what protection does the owner actually have?

I'm less interested in theoretical attacks and more interested in how people with meaningful crypto holdings actually structure their security today.

For example:

• Multisig
• Hardware wallets
• Passphrases / hidden wallets
• Duress or decoy wallets
• Timelocks
• Spending limits
• Geographically separated keys
• Trusted third parties / guardians
• Keeping only a small amount readily accessible

My main research question is:

What is the biggest weakness or failure mode of the approaches above when the attacker has physical control of the owner?

And a second question:

Is there any setup today that makes it technically impossible for a coerced owner to immediately move their long-term holdings to a new address?

I'm interested in real-world setups and experiences, not product recommendations.

If you've thought seriously about this threat model, I'd be especially interested in what you currently do — and what you still don't feel comfortable with.

Ask (and answer!) away! Here are the general rules:

• If you'd like to learn something, ask.
• If you'd like to share knowledge, answer.
• Any question about Bitcoin is fair game.

And don't forget to check out /r/BitcoinBeginners

You can sort by new to see the latest questions that may not be answered yet.

Hi everyone.

Kian Hoss once posted a video on his Story featuring people dancing in the background, with phrases or words like "BUY BTC" or "Inflation is a hidden tax" appearing in white text in the foreground, alternating. There was music playing in the background. The video had a retro style—so, rather low quality.

Does anyone happen to have that video and could send it to me?

Many thanks to everyone.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

I've been larning about bitcoin recently and some of the concepts were confusing at fast

for those who've been learning about it for a while what explanation or idea helped bitcoin finally click for you

I'd love to hear your experience.

I hope he/she/they go die in buddest ways, took my children's life away, like fuck you you dog shit cunt !

I bought $50 worth of Bitcoin last week. I am now checking the charts every 3 minutes, reading macroeconomics news, and analyzing Jerome Powell's facial expressions.

If it drops by $2, I panic. If it goes up by $5, I start looking at Lamborghini dealerships online.

Is this what being a whale feels like? ????????????

Btc is a bitch

I made a little browser game inspired by Bitcoin where every move is just heads or tails.
You start with $100 (play money, no real money ever). Each flip is a true 50/50, but you choose the leverage, from 1× up to 50×. Win 3 in a row and 100× unlocks. Bank your winnings into assets that earn income, sell them at the pawn shop when things go wrong, and push your empire from Earth to Space to the Flipside.
The odds never change. The only thing you control is how much risk you take and when you walk away.
No download, no signup, works on phone and desktop:
https://coinofconquest.com
There's a high score board for peak wealth, longest win streak, and longest loss streak. Post your best run below, I'm curious how far people get. Feedback very welcome!

So I'm looking for Saving Private Ryan Meme videos of BTC from back in the 2010-2016 era from Twitter/X. If you know them, you know them and remember them.

I posted in this subreddit about finding some older ones a month ago, and I just got comments back saying "learn how to search". Well, I'm fook'n trying and can't find A SINGLE ONE. HALP!

One person, commented and said "you idoit. Here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQJDhPV78_U" and that is STILL the only video I can find. Thank YOU, whoever you are <3 .

I sincerely appreciate and value his insult while providing me with the video. PLEASE, insult and link me to these old classical meme gems. I can't FUCKING find them........

Here is the only one I can find ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQJDhPV78_U (Thank you to whom found it for me <3 )

Does anyone have any others or know where the FOOK I can find them. There so so soooo good.

Thanks in advance

Sincerely,

We keep running into the same mismatch when we read supply talk on here. Someone quotes a big round number for coins outstanding and treats it like depth. It is not depth. It is a stock of outputs, most of which are not offered.

A UTXO is just a discrete chunk of bitcoin that has not been spent yet. The set can grow because people split change, or shrink when they consolidate. Neither move, by itself, tells you how much bitcoin would trade if the tape got hit. Liquidity is the marginal slice: coins whose owners are willing to sell into the book, or whose bids are actually resting there. Aged outputs that have not moved in years are inventory. Dust that costs more in fees to spend than it is worth is closer to clutter than to float.

Fees are the quiet part of that story. Miners do not get paid to make the UTXO set tidy. They get paid to include transactions. When fees are low, consolidation is cheap and some of that clutter can be swept back into spendable outputs. When fees are high, small outputs stay stuck, and the coins that clear are the ones attached to owners who care enough to pay. The incentive is local and unsentimental. It does not line up with a clean circulating supply figure.

We are not claiming we can see who will sell. Coin age and output size are clues about constraints, not a forecast. Cycle narratives like to pretend the float is a dial someone turns. In practice the dial is whoever shows up with a spendable output and a price they will take, against whoever is bidding. That gap is why a quiet order book and a huge headline supply can sit next to each other without contradicting.

If you are marking risk off the full stock of coins, you are marking a warehouse, not the aisle that is open today. How do you separate coins that have not moved from coins that will not move when fees spike? We still do not have a clean answer. NFA.

In May 2021 China banned bitcoin mining nationally. This reduced Chinas hash rate to the Bitcoin network from approximately 46% down to around 12% today. China is one of the most surveilled countries in the world. So how can still 12 % hashrate come from China. My theory is that it is actually the government accumulating bitcoin themselves though mining. They know what bitcoin is, and cannot risk standing on the sideline if bitcoin continues to grow and take play a bigger role. But if they openly say they buy or mine bitcoin, then it would contribute to bitcoins growth and globalization. Thats why I suspect they use cheap excess energy to mine. Its basicly free money, and insuranse. Thougts on this?

I used Hodl Hodl for the first time to buy BTC with a €150 SEPA bank transfer.

The contract on Hodl Hodl stated:

Price: 83,789.44 EUR
Buy: 0.00179020 BTC
Pay: 150 EUR

I received the equivalent of only €130 worth of Bitcoin, so this trade effectively cost me €20.

Is it possible that the seller sent less Bitcoin to the escrow wallet?

Of these €20, how much is the seller’s profit and how much goes to the platform?

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Looking for advice. I sell some stuff online and would like to know if accepting crypto as payment would be good in general? ​​​​​​​​​​

I have a 0.5 Lealana physical bitcoin, curious where the best place to sell it would be to get the best premium. It’s unredeemed has original box and coa. Did some searching and seen a couple at auction houses but that was about it.

Thanks for all replies.

I thought I'd share my journey and thoughts. I was into bitcoin relatively early (2012) and was fortunate enough to have been a hodler into the 2017 rally and exited at the top. I've been lucky enough to make good investments from bitcoin into real estate and some startups and stocks.

Life almost 10 years later has been comfortable and all but a dream. Reconstructing what brought me here, I think it would be harder now than before despite it "looking" more attainable.

Cryptocurrency which is more popular than ever now has become this dragon investor's chase. Away from the milieu of scams and scammers, earnest investors are hoping for the next big rally but I don't see anyone really planning beyond their imagined gains in personal and public interactions.

As a true believer in the concept of Bitcoin I never sold even after the first few rallies to $1,000 even though I was up almost 80x when that first happened. I regularly bought the dips on occasion up until 2015, because I had conviction in blockchain and bitcoin, not because I just wanted to get rich. Getting rich was the consequence of the conviction.

I was a paper millionaire and still going to work in 2016.

When I sold the majority of my bitcoin, I still went to work. I didn't make any major lifestyle changes and instead did research on real estate, taxes, stocks and where to invest fiat. When I did quit a few months later it was non-climatic.

I held my stance and stayed away from the ICOs and exchange explosion and just kept watching from the distance. I wasn't tempted by any of it because I already made a plan in my last months at work and chose to stick to it. I'm certain that saved me because some of my friends who were also believers lost it all in the ruckus by chasing the dragon and thinking they'd go from millionaire to billionaire in the same way. Sometimes, most times, it just happens once and it's best to call it luck and get out. So make a plan for the one time and stick to it.

Around 10–11 months ago, I gave a friend approximately $3,600 to invest in Bitcoin when it was at $86K.

Ever since, whenever I’ve asked for my money back, he’s made excuses, saying Bitcoin crashed and he couldn’t return it.

Now that Bitcoin is back around $86K, I asked him again. This is what he told me:

I used Bybit. And it’s not as simple as just waiting for Bitcoin to stay above $86K. Since the money has been stuck for so long, the app keeps charging fees and adding them up. If I withdraw the money now, those fees will be deducted from the original $3,600, so I won’t be able to return the full amount. That’s why I want Bitcoin to stay above $86K for a few days or a week, so I can recover those fees and return the full $3,600.”

I’m genuinely very concerned. I don’t know much about crypto, and I don’t understand how any of this works. Does Bybit actually charge ongoing fees for holding Bitcoin? Does his explanation make any sense, or is he just making excuses to keep my money?

I’m starting to worry that he’s taking advantage of me because I’m a girl and assumes I don’t know any better.

Please, if anyone has experience with Bybit or crypto, I’d really appreciate your advice. I’m genuinely worried about losing my money. this is all i have!!

If this finally hits 100k, I'm finally putting a down payment and becoming a homeowner. I believe plzz

Recently moved from Europe to Sydney and hold a decent amount of crypto. I have used OKX for 3 years and want to get some advice for the best CEX in Australia. Fully regulated is preferable!

I’m reading the book “The Sovereign Individual” , published in 1997, and the authors argue that “cybercash”, since cryptocurrencies wasn’t a thing then they referred to it as cyber cash, removes the state's ability to confiscate wealth through inflation and taxation.

And those who recognize this shift early and move their assets into encrypted, borderless digital money become "Sovereign Individuals" and gaining total control over their capital while traditional and location institutions fall.

I wanted to read this since this book has predicted a lot of what the world is today, not 100% but did nail the cryptocurrency prediction part in 1997, and says that this is basically the future in simple terms. And people who don’t catch it before this transition happens will have a lot of suffering.

This is going to sound crazy and delusional to some but i genuinely think this is the inevitable end with fiat currency collapsing and the government retaliating against cryptos.

Invest the book it also mentions that the governments will turn nasty, they already are, and will try to make restrictions with cryptos but will eventually fail and the people who hold digital assets such as bitcoin in this case, will have the ultimate power and freedom.

Are more people buying BTC every year, or are the numbers going down / staying around the same? isn't this part of the debate that will determine the future success of BTC. Or do yu think it doenst matter how many people own it, as long as it continues? Among the people who do own some, would it be fair to say that the vast majority own between 100 - 5,000 ( and I don't mean individual coins ). :)

I tend to only see people mention that the native TPS for bitcoin is too slow, but are there enough Satoshis to power the entire world economy if bitcoin was used by everyone for day to day transactions?

Like I get that bitcoin can be divided into incredibly small units, but even then, would there be enough bitcoin in circulation for a global bitcoin economy?

is it not a thing yet? i really need some help and tools to avoid getting persecuted by evil forces when i do unlock a virtual treasure chest in the future for some virtual trades. i just want to confuse ownership of my coins without trusting any central coordinator and free myself from the shackles of my oppressors. i will not answer to any DMs

Who here has gone through the mortgage process and had issues because you hold a lot of your assets in Bitcoin? Even if you were able to get the mortgage, what challenges did you have?

The vast majority of every Thai over the age of 10 has a True Wallet. A private Thailand only payment system. Foreigners can join with a passport and a local phone number and Bitrefil bitcoin top up service performs top ups in Thai Baht. Some more KYC required to be able to break out of the ecosystem and pay directly to hotel, restaurant etc bank accounts. However generally unnecessary just ask nicely first "can I pay with my true wallet and its the same."

I know a lot of us are trying to become whole coiners or waiting for the million dollar price tags to hit but once we accomplish those short term goals, are you just selling? Are you stopping your DCA?

Basically what will it take that will finally see you leave the Bitcoin space (good or bad)?

Even though it is not a 100% certain yet, the Netherlands is likely gonna tax unrealized gains for crypto, not stocks though.

I have all my btc on a cold wallet, and i will be forced to sell as it can turn ugly real quick, i just bought a house and a sudden rise to new highs followed by a quick drop, would turn my financial situation in a nightmare, lets say i have 1 btc, and it goes from 100k to 200k, i would have to pay 36 k in taxes even though i didn't sell, now lets say btc goes from 200k back to 80 k, i still need to pay those 36 k in taxes.

Right now with my mortgage i can't risk it, i want to know what you guys think, i just want to hodl and forget, so this situation just removed all the fun from crypto for me, it was basically dca and forget.

Maby i wanna buy btc on the stock market, that isn't taxed on paper gains weirdly enough, same idea but taxed differently.

I have btc on my cold wallet because i liked the idea of it being mine, buying a stock that follows btc price doesn't feel right.

Any ideas?

Just for fun ????

But be honest....

How much do you buy daily/weekly/monthly?

What is your personal opinion if one has a substantial amount of Bitcoin? A 2of3 multi-sig wallet without a password or a single-sig wallet with a complex password?

i have way too much bitcoin to keep on an exchange after getting back into it this bear cycle. what is the best cold storage wallet to get these days as i’ve seen there’s a lot of new ones

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

What option would be best?

Live below your means. Grind on your craft. Be frugal. Eat healthy. Get/stay fit. Dismiss all frivolous, status seeking, branded, celebrity bullshit. Save in money they can't fuck with. Be stoic about price. Never panic. Never fomo. Keep it simple. dca, stack, hodl.

Supply is capped at 21 million. Bitcoin's rules that keep it this way are in fact "your rules". You run a node to ensure that "your rules" apply to your stack. Your node will be in consensus with the chain that agrees with your rules. Full stop.

If you don't like my rules, you can all fork off. Node runners know that that is literally how it works.

If you allow your wallet to connect to some other node and thereby delegating all verification, then you are merely a passenger along for the ride on someone else's boat. If your keys are held in custody by another, then you are not even on the boat. You are holding tickets with your ETF friends in the spectator stand.

Run a node and connect your wallet to it. Tighten up your rules.

Run a node. You do not get closer to the economic energy a node places at your fingertips. Not running a node, you could not be further away.

Crypto Gains Could Fund the National Debt — If Congress Let Them The US government is currently paying around 5.35% to borrow money, a 24-year high. At the same time, an enormous amount of wealth sits locked in crypto wallets — early Bitcoin holders with gains in the millions who have never sold. A major reason those coins don't move is the tax bill: selling means surrendering 15–20% or more of the gain to capital gains tax. So the wealth sits idle while the government borrows at historic rates from everyone else. The proposal: allow crypto holders to roll their gains into 5- or 10-year US Treasury bonds tax-free, with the funds locked for the full term. For the holder, the trade is simple: convert a volatile asset into guaranteed income of roughly 5.3% a year, principal fully protected, with no tax taken off the top on the way out. For the government, it creates a new class of long-term lenders at the exact moment borrowing costs are at their highest in a generation. Dormant crypto wealth — some of it untouched for over a decade — would be put to work financing the country rather than sitting in cold storage. The concept is not new. Real estate investors have used 1031 exchanges for decades to roll gains from one property into another and defer the tax. This is the same mechanism, except the asset on the other side of the trade is US Treasury debt. The obvious objection is lost tax revenue. But that revenue is largely theoretical — much of it is never collected because the holders never sell. The government would instead gain a decade-long lender and downward pressure on its own borrowing costs. The question is whether dormant crypto holders would use such an exit, or whether any sale at all is unacceptable to the earliest believers. Either way, the math is worth running: trillions in digital assets on one side, a government paying 24-year-high borrowing costs on the other, and currently no bridge between them.

Pretty simple question I have been wrestling for a while.

Background: I am in my late 20s and am not in my forever job. I have been investing since I was a teenager and went all in on bitcoin in ‘21. I have surpassed what my younger self thought I could acquire in btc terms.

I really want to travel central/South America for a year and learn Spanish.

I have more than enough in cold storage/retirement accounts that as long as I don’t touch anything I will have multi millions in USD terms at retirement age using a 10% ROI (horribly low I know… but being super conservative).

I have worked my ass off and want to take a year off, but feel like it is stupid relative to my age, my current salary ($150k+ per year), and how low btc still is in USD terms.

My lease ends this summer.

What would you do?

Few questions if anyone has done this?

1) If I were to buy $1000 prepaid visa in BTC, how much will I lose in fees/spread? (Like 3%?)

2) I can add this prepaid card to my Apple Pay wallet and use it just like a regular card on Apple Pay?

3) what site would you recommend to do this with and what is the process like?

$10 worth but excited nonetheless... gotta start somewhere #collegefreshman

We're at Feb 2023 cycle stage. We're going to $125k in six months and $250k by Summer 2027.

I have been doing some research on hardware wallets (countless days!). I've used a Ledger before, despite their email hacks. I read about the recent Cold Card hack, and that scared me. So I plan to do dice rolls to create my own seed.

I will rarely be doing transactions, so I think a stateless device is best, which led me to Blockstream's Jade (which can be used in stateless mode) and Seedsigner, which you build yourself. I've also seen the Seedsigner+ which looks easier to use, but its not on the seedsigner website.

I'm a little nervous about the seedsigner just because its DIY. I'm fine building it, but how can we trust the firmware/software used on it? I know its open source, but is there any way for someone who can't code to feel confident its totally safe to use? I'm just a bit unsure how it all works with open source stuff, especially when its a free DIY thing

Also open to other options, but as far as I can tell, these are my best bets. It would be nice to have the most ergonomic one for typing in the seed very occasionally, as that can take a while with an annoying little wheel! Thats why I saw the Seedsigner+. I don't want to leave QR codes lying around

thanks

I do daily auto purchases. Today, i happened to check what the purchase price was today and it was $87.55k but I don't see where it ever got to that price point today. Can someone please explain? Thanks in advance.

I sold 25% of my BTC holdings for dry powder in case this october/november "bloodbath" actually does come.

My average buy was 64K so i essentially just sold my profit, however I firmly believe that my sell will initiate the biggest bull candle we have yet to see.

Good luck, gentlemen!!!

I'm new here.

I heard of some predicted October dip. So should I buy now if it reaches 82k or should I wait for the October fall?

I used to think Bitcoin was just something people bought because they hoped the price would go up. The more I read about it, the more interesting the technology and the idea behind it became.

Genuine question, is there a reason for why people would sell at the beginning of the bull run?

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

The bitcoin bear market is officially over. Not even the Ben cowen 40k bears could stop us. You guys were calling for a 40k bottom for a year. It was never EVER going to that level. Now it’s October. It’s been a year. What black swan is coming in the next few days that’s going to magically crash the price. I’m waiting. It’s not coming. The four year cycle is officially dead.

Somebody asked about patience earlier and i wanted to chime in the comments, but the comment got long so i figured i'd make a post about it.

TLDR: studying Bitcoin teaches you about money, that knowledge keeps you humble, and humility gives you patience. it's not about the price, it's about how much you own.

so check it. owning Bitcoin is like having a slice of a limited pie that more and more people will want to own some day. not because they're trying to get rich, but because they need Bitcoin. this is why people say the world needs Bitcoin, and why patience comes to those who truly believe in it.

you see, time is the most valuable asset. when you notice that Bitcoin becomes harder and harder for more people to obtain over time, the criticisms become easier to ignore. because if you truly study Bitcoin, you'll learn about money, the history of money's evolution, and how the world has been searching for the perfect money this entire time.

the only real reason we're sitting here having this conversation (disagreement) about Bitcoin and its price in paper money is because the world was taught by governments and economists alike to believe that paper money WAS the perfect money. so to this day, people still price everything in dollars, pesos, euros, etc.

shifting into the digital era unlocked a new biome, a new level, an area for us to explore. a world most people still haven't taken the time to learn about. too much information, everyone thinks they're right.

but regardless, it still contained new possibilities and new opportunities to improve upon different systems; one of which being the monetary system itself, once again. very few pioneer and act on the impulse to step outside the circle and discover opportunities in new landscapes. but you only need to discover them once, and given enough pressure, somebody eventually does.

remember: most of us were never really taught how computers work, let alone how money works. so it's easy to stay at the surface layer and go with the flow. i was there too.

so what you get is a world full of people who trust the not-so-perfect paper money system, to the point that they're willing to fight for it. by believing monetary policy is necessary to keep the market balanced, they defend it. in a free market, prices move towards the marginal cost of production. goods and services move to where they're most valued. capital flows freely and naturally, without the need for intervention.

but somewhere along the line in the early 1900s, some jackasses in power figured out real quick that if you can intervene in the free global market, you can capitalize on its motions by adjusting the flow and the stock of goods/services being traded. all they had to do was centralize the money, decree it payable for all debts public and private, convince the rest of the citizens (i.e. countries, the world) that it was a necessary part of advancing economically with all these new inventions, and then print the hell out of it once everyone had their hands on it.

"all spending is good spending" is basically what we were told.

and that led to where we are today, and to what we've seen at certain points in history: a world whose money is controlled by nation-states, through what Hayek called "monetary nationalism," for the sake of profit under the mask of innovation.

the saddest part is that it has made people so impatient and stretched thin that it's hard to stop and ask questions. it keeps us trapped in the system. but you can't blame anyone for that. we're all a product of our environment, taught to work for a depreciating asset while being told to hedge against it because it's what everyone does and it's how the system is supposed to work.

eventually, it all makes sense for everyone. but since we're still early in this value shift, when you challenge the system in front of those who live off its fruits, their reality won't let them make much sense of it. Bitcoin is such an abstract concept that it's hard to grasp for what it is until there are few options left and the abstraction finally clicks.

all of this knowledge keeps you humble every day, and so long as you stay humble about what you know, you will be granted patience. those who understand Bitcoin now can have patience for those who will understand it later.

because at the end of the day, everyone will eventually recognize that it's less about the price of Bitcoin in dollars, and more about how much Bitcoin you actually own.

edit: TLDR

Any actual source? I'm interested.

Welcome to Uptober, lads!

I have previously used Barclays to transfer larger sums of money to Kraken (several £30-£50k transactions within a one month period). Now I can see that Barclays have a £10k monthly limit for crypto.

What would be legitimate options for me to transfer £50-£100k to an exchange or be able to purchase that amount of BTC? This isn’t a purchase I want or need to make imminently. I’m just thinking about potential future purchases. I also need an account that accept large amounts of money from exchanges.

I have considered opening a Revolut account but have read mixed reviews and would be surprised if they let me transfer larger sums as a new user. Also thought about opening a Llyods account but will probably have to call them first. Any other options?

With these restrictions i wander how large transfers of fiat to exchanges are happening in the UK. Someone must be doing it somehow.

On 11 March 2013 an upgrade split the network in two. New nodes followed one chain, old nodes could only follow another, and about 60 percent of the mining power was on the side that old nodes rejected. It got fixed that night, in public, in the developers' chat room. We went back through the log and the block data and wrote it up.

A few things that surprised us while doing it:

The block that caused it wasn't too big. It was 998 kB, under the limit. Old versions had capped their database at 10,000 locks years earlier, nobody thought of that as a rule about blocks, and it turned out to be one. It was even a slightly different rule on each machine.

The developers didn't agree at first. The lead maintainer's opening position was "first rule of bitcoin: majority hashpower wins." Pieter Wuille's answer was that a majority isn't enough if it leaves every merchant on old software behind. That argument took about twenty minutes.

The person who settled it was a pool operator. He ran about a third of the network, said "I can single handedly put 0.7 back to the majority hash power," asked the developers to confirm, and then moved his miners onto the shorter chain. It cost him 150 to 200 BTC.

Most accounts say 24 blocks and six hours. The nodes that reorganized logged "Disconnect 25 blocks," and from the triggering block to the reorg was 7 hours 41 minutes.

There was one double spend, about $10,000 against a payment processor. Both sides of it are still visible on a block explorer, and the money was returned the next day.

The chapter also covers the fix, which was only finished by a planned rule change that summer, and what the whole thing says about who decides the rules. It doesn't pretend the ending was tidy: it was fixable in a night because a handful of people could fix it, and that cuts both ways.

Every quote has a timestamp and every number has a source at the bottom of the page. If you were around for it and we got something wrong, say so and we'll fix it the same day and credit you.

https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/2013-chain-fork

I swear owning BTC has taught me more about patience than anything else ????

One day I’m checking the chart thinking I’m a genius, the next day I’m pretending I never bought it. At this point I’ve accepted that staring at the price every 10 minutes isn’t going to change anything ????

Anyone else just stopped checking the chart as often?

We gonna make it.

The lightning network is a second-layer solution on top of the Bitcoin blockchain that enables quick, cheap and scalable Bitcoin payments.

Here is the place to discuss and learn more about lightning!

Ask your questions about lightning

Provide reviews, feedback, comparisons of LN apps, services, websites etc

Learn about new LN features, development, apps

Link to good quality resources (articles, wikis etc)

Resources:

• Here is an awesome list of resources: https://bitcoinfo.org/lightning.html

• Want to test out your lightning fire power? tip the Bitcoin devs! https://bitcoindevlist.com/

• Previous threads: Search

• Lnbook getting closer towards being finished and can already be seen at: https://github.com/lnbook/lnbook

• Lightning Dedicated YouTube Channel: https://youtube.com/renepickhardt

• Also there is the playlist by chaincode labs: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLpLH33TRghT17_U3as2P3vHfAGL8pSOOY

• Lightning stores: https://www.lightningnetworkstores.com/

• Learn more and talk about lightning right here in r/Bitcoin, r/bitcoinbeginners and r/thelightningnetwork

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

I’ve been moving my savings out of dollars. I’m conflicted how to handle my Roth IRA. I don’t want a 10% penalty. So for the IRA that I can get Blackrock btc etf, that might be my best option.

But my other savings is held in mutual funds/bonds. Which I can’t pick individual an etf. Do I just take the 10% hit?

A follow up on: https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/1inqkvr/paul_vernon_cryptsy_bitebi9_altilly_xeggex_serial/

I was the CEO of Altilly, a smaller cryptocurrency exchange that was hacked in December 2020.

One of the most important people behind Altilly's technical infrastructure was a developer we knew as "Mike."

I now believe Mike was Paul Vernon.

No court or law-enforcement authority has confirmed that identification. I want to make that absolutely clear.

I'm making the evidence public so people can examine it themselves:

https://altillyfiles.com

This isn't based on one username, one screenshot, or simply somebody telling me that Mike was Vernon.

The site lays out the evidence we accumulated concerning Mike's identity and places it alongside the internal records from Altilly itself.

I've also published the internal Altilly management chat covering July 2019 through October 2021. It is searchable and read-only, with customer information and identifying information belonging to unrelated private individuals removed. Those removals are documented on the Transparency page.

That means you don't have to rely solely on my reconstruction of events.

You can read what we were actually saying internally before the hack, while it was happening, and afterward.

And I'm not publishing only material that makes me look good.

The records document my own mistakes as CEO, decisions I would make differently today, problems surrounding the refund process, and messages I'm not proud of. I've also corrected statements I made publicly in 2025 where the underlying evidence doesn't support what I previously said.

The site therefore separates the underlying records from my interpretation of them.

The central question I'm putting forward is:

Was the developer known to us as "Mike" actually Paul Vernon of Cryptsy?

I've reached my own conclusion.

You don't have to share it.

Read the evidence and decide for yourself.

If anyone from the old Cryptsy community recognizes information in these records, has historical material concerning Vernon that can independently confirm or contradict what I've published, or sees something I've gotten factually wrong, I want to hear from you.

The original unredacted Altilly material is available to law enforcement.

The current resistance is bullshit and it has become obvious. The highly entertaining fuckery we've all been enjoying lately is about to end as the demand makes it untenable to hold the beach ball underwater any longer. Just my personal dumbass, non-data informed prediction, but I think tomorrow and Friday will be up days and the weekend follow through action will throw enough fuel on the fire to result in BTC hitting the 90's next week. In no small part aided by the $40-$50K cycle crowd accepting defeat and getting on board before the train leaves the station.

Some will agree, some won't...time for your 2 cents bitches. I never sell so timing is irrelevant to me, but prediction is a fun game along the way, so let's play.

For me, learning to be patient made a big difference. What about you?

I’m going through a phase now where I just want to use bitcoin core and no hardware wallets due to previous issues with every company. My plan is to use and online and an offline laptop.
I know the set up has to go through terminal and that’s fine.
Was just wondering day to day signing etc can it be done on the gui alone? I want least possibility today finger the wrong address and does bitcoin core provide a safety net for typos etc like other hardware wallet softwares

I looked into yeti but was wondering if there’s an easier way.

If someone had the concept of a cryptographic blockchain ledger, what year could Bitcoin have been invented? What preceding technologies were critical to its development?

I keep seeing people give up on old blockchain.info wallets thinking the password is gone forever. Usually is but sometimes it isn't. The password is fine — the hash extraction is silently broken, so even the correct password never verifies and people brute-force for months against garbage. Here's the whole process, every gotcha, in order. I've had an aes file for about 10 years now that I got from an old coworker who at the time told me 'if I can get into it I can have it'. Today I figured I'd make a write up about it

None of this cracks a password from nothing. It tests variations of what you remember. If you recall zero fragments and have no seed phrase, I hope you live for a very long time we're gonna be here for a while. —

0. Before anything: work on a copy

cp wallet.aes.json wallet_backup.aes.json 

Never touch the original. A corrupted source file is the one way to actually lose access.

1. Know which version you have

2013 wallets are almost always v1 (a plain base64 string). Peek at it:

head -c 40 wallet.aes.json

Letters/numbers with no braces = v1. Starts with {" and has pbkdf2_iterations = v2+.

2. THE #1 SILENT KILLER: a UTF-8 BOM

If you ever opened the file in Notepad, Windows may have saved it with a byte-order mark — 3 invisible bytes (EF BB BF) at the front. This corrupts extraction and guarantees no password will ever match. Check:

head -c 8 wallet.aes.json | xxd

Starts with efbbbf? You have a BOM. Strip it:

sed '1s/^\xef\xbb\xbf//' wallet.aes.json | tr -d '\r\n' > wallet_clean.aes.json

This single issue is behind a huge share of "correct password won't crack" posts. Check it first, every time.

3. Extract the hash — with the RIGHT tool

The hash prefix tells you which tool actually ran. Get this wrong and nothing downstream works:

Extract (v1):

python3 blockchain2john.py --base64 wallet_clean.aes.json

Extract (v2/v3/v4 — the --json flag is mandatory or it errors/misparses):

python3 blockchain2john.py --json wallet_clean.aes.json

blockchain2john.py ships with John the Ripper (jumbo). If yours is old and chokes on v4, grab the latest from the openwall/john repo.

4. Verify the extraction BEFORE you crack

• Prefix: must be $blockchain$ (v1) or $blockchain$v2$ (v2+). If you see $bitcoin$, you used the wrong tool.
• Length math (v1): hash is $blockchain$<len>$<hex>. <len> must be a clean multiple of 16 (AES block size). Odd or weird number = broken extraction (usually a leftover BOM).
• Known false negatives: some wallets whose decrypted JSON starts with address_book (instead of guid) get reported as "wrong password" even when correct. If you're certain of the password and it won't verify, this or a BOM is why — not your memory.

5. Prove the pipeline with a known-answer test

The step everyone skips. Make a throwaway wallet with a password you KNOW, extract it the same way, and crack that first. If the known password pops out, your tool + mode + format are all verified. Now you can trust a "not found" to mean "not in the wordlist" — not "my setup is broken."

6. Crack it

hashcat -m 12700 -a 0 wallet.hash wordlist.txt -r rules/best64.rule

• -m 12700 for v1, -m 15200 for v2/v3/v4.
• v1 is only 10 PBKDF2 rounds = fast, millions/sec on a mid GPU. v2+ uses many more iterations = much slower, so lean harder on a targeted wordlist.
• hashcat flags a hit when the decrypt comes out as clean printable ASCII (valid JSON).

Wordlist beats brute force. Seed it from memory — old passwords, pet/family names, handles, street numbers, the year (2012/2013), favored symbols — then let rules mangle it. Forgotten passwords fall to the owner's own habits. (Real example: The wallet I did today whose password was just Name + birth year'.best64` catches that instantly.)

Prefer a GUI/CPU path? btcrecover runs straight against the aes.json with a token list and handles all versions internally — slower but foolproof for format issues.

7. "I only have my Wallet ID, not the file"

blockchain.info serves the encrypted blob to anyone with the wallet identifier (GUID) — it's encrypted, so that's safe. btcrecover's download-blockchain-wallet.py pulls it down; then you crack it offline. This is the move most people miss when support says "we can't help you."

8. You cracked it — now get your coins

1. Decrypt offline (btcrecover, or blockchain's official decrypt tool) → you get the private key(s).
2. Import/sweep into Electrum (New wallet → import keys → sweep) → sends the balance to a fresh address you control. ~10 min.
3. One private key = TWO legacy addresses (compressed + uncompressed). Old wallets were inconsistent about which they showed — always check both.

9. Check the balance (permanent, all-time ledger)

https://blockstream.info/api/address/<ADDRESS>

Common failure modes (and the real cause)

TL;DR

Sometimes the password isn't the problem. Check for a BOM, extract with the right tool, verify the length is block-aligned, prove your pipeline on a known wallet, then crack with a memory-seeded wordlist. Diagnose the tooling and you'll solve it in an afternoon with a decent GPU.

Happy to help. Don't send your backup files to weirdos.

Is there a way to move from Kraken to cash app without incurring any sort of taxes?

I’ve only recently started getting properly interested in Bitcoin and I’m realising there’s way more to it than I thought????I’ve got Muun set up and I’m slowly learning about wallets, on-chain BTC, Lightning, sats etc., but I feel like I’m still at the “what the fuck does all this mean?” stage ????For people who’ve been into Bitcoin for a while, what’s something you wish you knew when you first started?I’m genuinely interested in learning it properly rather than just buying some and leaving it sitting there. Any advice/resources would be appreciated!

Based on the book — When Prophecy Fails by Leon Festinger.

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

“In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is the perception of contradictory information and its mental toll. Relevant items of information include a person’s actions, feelings, ideas, beliefs, and values in the environment.”

Ideas and concepts held by all of us, are very difficult to change. Everything from the best food, best movies and best places to live or visit come with strong opinions and an underlying reasoning.

We all base what we believe on something, once we start that journey it becomes harder and harder for anything to possibly change that belief. No matter the arguments, data or even evidence presented directly to us.

We are familiar with the variety of ingenious defenses with which people protect their convictions, managing to keep them unscathed through the most devastating attacks. But man’s resourcefulness goes beyond simply protecting a belief. Suppose an individual believes something with his whole heart; suppose further that he has a commitment to this belief, that he has taken irrevocable actions because of it; finally, suppose that he is presented with evidence, unequivocal and undeniable evidence, that his belief is wrong: what will happen? The individual will frequently emerge, not only unshaken, but even more convinced of the truth of his beliefs than ever before. Indeed, he may even show a new fervor about convincing and converting other people to his view. (pg. 3, When Prophecy Fails)

This is where the concept and idea for money, become linked.

Money and Cognitive Dissonance

• What is money?
• What is inflation?
• What is buying power?
• What is Cryptocurrency?

We learn about these concepts from someone, and take the knowledge with us checked or unchecked into our lives. But what if we have been sold a lie, given wrong information and ultimately have been basing our actions on these beliefs incorrectly? Would any evidence convince you that your understanding of money was wrong?

This is the question we will ask in this article. What do we know about money, saving and our options?

Let’s go through 5 conditions as explored by Leon Festinger in writing the book “When Prophecy Fails”.

1. A belief must be held with deep conviction and it must have some relevance to action, that is, to what the believer does or how he behaves.
2. The person holding the belief must have committed himself to it; that is, for the sake of his belief, he must have taken some important action that is difficult to undo. In general, the more important such actions are, and the more difficult they are to undo, the greater is the individual’s commitment to the belief.
3. The belief must be sufficiently specific and sufficiently concerned with the real world so that events may unequivocally refute the belief.
4. Such undeniable disconfirmatory evidence must occur and must be recognized by the individual holding the belief.
5. The individual believer must have social support. It is unlikely that one isolated believer could withstand the kind of disconfirming evidence we have specified. If, however, the believer is a member of a group of convinced persons who can support one another, we would expect the belief to be maintained and the believers to attempt to proselyte or to persuade nonmembers that the belief is correct.

The first two of these conditions specify the circumstances that will make the belief resistant to change. The third and fourth conditions together, on the other hand, point to factors that would exert powerful pressure on a believer to discard his belief. It is, of course, possible that an individual, even though deeply convinced of a belief, may discard it in the face of unequivocal disconfirmation. We must, therefore, state a fifth condition specifying the circumstances under which the belief will be discarded and those under which it will be maintained with new fervor.

Following these 5 conditions let’s go through what money is and why Bitcoin or USD/ YEN/ GBP is holding up to their status. * USD / YEN / GBP will be referred to as Fiat Currency onward.

The Promise of Fiat Money vs the Promise of Bitcoin

Fiat Promises

• Your ability to live, work, save and barter with anyone accepting the government currency of your country.
• Your right to retirement pensions, healthcare and government taxing to build and maintain your county using the fiat.
• That your government will uphold the value of your Fiat.
• That the government and banks will make decisions to increase the strength of your fiat.
• The banks and governments can decide to print / digitalize more for economic purposes.

Bitcoin Promises

• Scarcity (There will only ever be 21 million Bitcoin).
• Complete control over your Bitcoin transactions.
• The ability to barter / save / exchange 24/7 365 days a year with anyone accepting BTC.
• There is no one person or group in control who can decide to change these rules.
• Global borderless access.
• Rules written in code, transparent, confirmable and open source

The Fiat Reality Check

Starting with Fiat currency, lets see if the promises are actually true or, if we are experiencing cognitive dissonance.
Do you believe in your fiat currency strongly?
If the currency was not good, would it impact you greatly?
Would you feel the need to defend it?
Would it impact the world if it failed?
If shown evidence without doubt, would you be able to change your belief? Would others you know, stand with you and fight against the undeniable evidence?

Let’s answer these questions by applying Festinger’s five conditions directly to our traditional financial system.

Conditions one and two are built into our societal DNA. We are born into the fiat system. We trade our most scarce resource — our time — for it, and we make irrevocable commitments based on it. We sign thirty-year mortgages and pay into pension funds for decades, trusting the math will hold up by the time we retire. To abandon the belief in fiat would mean acknowledging that our life’s labor has been stored in a melting ice cube. The psychological toll of this realization is immense.

Condition three demands a specific, refutable belief. The implicit promise of fiat is stability and purchasing power protection. Central banks explicitly target low, stable inflation to preserve this balance.

Condition four introduces the undeniable disconfirmatory evidence. When the money supply is drastically expanded and the cost of housing, food, and energy skyrockets, the evidence is undeniable. The fiat prophecy — that the system will protect your purchasing power — fails in real-time.

Condition five is where the fiat illusion survives. When the prophecy fails, society does not immediately abandon the currency. Supported by a global network of governments, traditional economists, and everyday citizens, the narrative shifts. Inflation is blamed on corporate greed, supply chain issues, or foreign conflicts. The collective social support shields the individual from the painful reality that their money is fundamentally flawed. They emerge more convinced that the system just needs to be managed better, not replaced.

The Bitcoin Counter-Prophecy

Bitcoiners are not immune to cognitive dissonance; in fact, the Bitcoin network relies heavily on the psychological mechanisms Festinger outlined.

For conditions one and two, Bitcoiners hold a deep conviction that fiat is failing and mathematically capped scarcity is the only escape. They take irrevocable action by converting their hard-earned fiat into BTC, running their own nodes, self-custodying their wealth, and often alienating skeptical friends and family in the process.

The specific belief (condition three) is that Bitcoin’s fixed supply will rapidly make it the world’s reserve currency and the ultimate inflation hedge. Yet, believers routinely face massive, undeniable disconfirmatory evidence (condition four): severe price drawdowns, periods where Bitcoin trades like a risk-on tech stock rather than an inflation hedge, and slower-than-expected mainstream merchant adoption.

When the Bitcoin prophecy seems to stall during a brutal bear market, condition five activates. The isolated believer might capitulate, but the deeply connected Bitcoiner turns to the community. On social media, at meetups, and in podcasts, they support one another. They don’t abandon the asset; they double down. They reframe the timeline, emphasize the fundamentals, and evangelize even harder. “Stack sats and HODL” becomes a rallying cry fueled by the exact psychological mechanism that drives groups to rewrite their timelines when a prophecy is tested.

The Collision of Two Belief Systems

We are living through a massive psychological experiment where two competing financial prophecies are colliding in real-time.

The fiat believer is watching their purchasing power evaporate, yet they cling to the system because the pain of realizing their life savings are being debased is too great. They rely on the sheer scale of societal consensus to keep the illusion alive.

The Bitcoin believer is betting on the math, enduring immense volatility, and leaning on a fiercely dedicated subculture to maintain conviction when the traditional world mocks their digital scarcity.

Ultimately, money is a shared belief. It is a psychological construct before it is an economic one. As the undeniable evidence of fiat debasement continues to mount, the cognitive dissonance will become deafening. The victor will be determined not just by the superiority of the underlying technology, but by which group possesses the psychological fortitude to outlast the other when their respective prophecies are pushed to the brink.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

I had created a wallet via the Coinbase Wallet Extension on Chrome some time back and had been depositing some BTC into it for some time. My last deposit was June 1, 2026, and I had around $2600. Last I checked the wallet was back in July and today when I logged in it had 0. The transaction history shows that everything was transferred to another address on August 4. I did not make this transfer. I am totally confused/lost right now as to how this might have happened. The wallet used to be locked all the time and the password is in my password manager. Was this extension not safe?.

These are my top 3 YouTube channels right now:

• AdamLivingstonBTC
• SimplyBitcoin
• 1MarkMoss

We run LearnBitcoin.com, a free, no-ads, no-affiliate site. Next Thursday's chapter is a cousin of the Bitcoin obituaries list, but instead of counting the times it was declared dead, it collects the labels. Every thing Bitcoin was confidently called, who said it, when, and what happened next. One entry per claim, each with a dated source.

Here is what we have so far. Tell us what we missed.

"It's dead." The obituaries list at 99bitcoins has been running since 2010 and stands at 477. The four worth actually reading (Forbes 2011, Wired 2011, Krugman 2013, Mike Hearn 2016) are here: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/bitcoin-obituaries

"It's a Ponzi scheme." A Ponzi needs an operator who pays old investors with money from new ones and promises a return. Bitcoin has no operator, promises nothing, and keeps its books in public. The actual Ponzis in this industry (Bitcoin Savings and Trust, Bitconnect, PlusToken, Quadriga) all took bitcoin as the deposit, which is a different thing: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/ponzi-scheme

"It's tulip mania." Jamie Dimon, September 2017: a fraud, worse than tulip bulbs. Tulips crashed once in 1637 and stayed down. Bitcoin has lost three quarters or more of its value four separate times and set a new high after each one. His bank now lets clients buy it. The 1637 episode was also a lot smaller than the legend: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/tulip-mania

"It's only for buying drugs." Silk Road was seized in October 2013. The public ledger then convicted two of the federal agents on the case and, nine years later, the guy who'd stolen 50,000 BTC from the site in 2012: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/silk-road

"It has no intrinsic value." Greenspan, December 2013. True, and true of the dollar since 1971 and of gold's price too. Economics dropped the concept in the 1870s: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/glossary/intrinsic-value

"It's for money laundering." Chainalysis sells to law enforcement and has every reason to find crime. Their count for 2024 was about 0.14 percent of on-chain volume. The rest of the story, including where Bitcoin's privacy actually is weak, is here: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/bitcoin-privacy

"It's for terrorists." Hamas's military wing announced in April 2023 that it was no longer taking bitcoin donations, because donors kept getting caught.

"The blockchain is full of illegal images." The 2018 headlines. A research paper had found text and links stuffed into a few hundred transactions out of hundreds of millions.

"It will boil the oceans." Newsweek, December 2017: on track to consume all of the world's energy by 2020. It is 2026. Our energy chapter has the actual numbers: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/energy

"Governments will just ban it." China has banned it something like sixteen times.

"Rat poison squared." Warren Buffett, May 2018. Three years later Berkshire put half a billion dollars into Nubank, a Brazilian bank that sells bitcoin to its customers.

"Bitcoin is evil." Paul Krugman, New York Times, December 2013.

"Quantum computers will break it." Not wrong forever, but wrong on every date given so far. We keep a live count of how many coins are actually exposed: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/quantum-and-bitcoin

"You'll never buy a coffee with it." Lightning exists. https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-hole/lightning-routing

What we want from you:

1. Claims we missed. Especially the old ones. "It's only for nerds," "the government will seize it all," "the 21 million cap will get changed," "it's too slow to ever matter," whatever you were told at Thanksgiving in 2014.
2. Who said it and when, with a link if you have one. A claim with a name and a date is worth ten without.
3. The ones that were partly right. Exchanges really do collapse. Privacy really is worse than most people think. Mining really did concentrate for a while. Those go in too, with the part that was right stated plainly. We are not writing a victory lap.

If you give us a source we'll credit you by handle in the chapter, unless you'd rather we didn't. The chapter goes up next Thursday and we'll drop the link in this thread.

All 18 chapters so far: https://www.learnbitcoin.com/rabbit-holes

Hello everyone i am currently learning more about bitcoin and how the bitcoin network works.there are many concepts that can ve confusing for beginners. especially bitcoin transactions fees wallets private key and network security.for people who have been using or studying bitcoin for a while

What is one bitcoin concept you think every beginner should understand early on.really appreciate any explanations or advice form the community thanks

always sceptical but THIS IS GOOOOOOD

Hi everyone,
Has anyone tried Kraken’s borrowing feature, where you use your crypto assets as collateral to borrow funds and invest them yourself? I'm talking about crypto-backed loans, not the Challenge feature.
I'd love to hear your experiences. Is it worth it? What are the risks and things to watch out for?
Sorry if this has already been discussed here, I couldn't find a recent post about it.
Thanks!

Running your own Bitcoin infrastructure is supposed to reduce the number of people and systems you have to trust.

But there's a part of the threat model that's easy to forget: logs.

I started looking into this after a recent Core Lightning change involving I/O logs that could contain runes and other sensitive information.

What interested me wasn't just the CLN fix. It was what happens after something sensitive reaches a log.

It may end up in journald. Docker. Plugin output. Reverse proxy logs. Monitoring. Backups. Old snapshots. Even shell history.

So I audited the whole path on a self-hosted setup rather than looking only at lightningd.

I wrote up the process here:

https://davidebtc186.substack.com/p/your-lightning-node-may-be-logging

I'm not suggesting disabling logs. They're incredibly useful when you're operating your own infrastructure.

The goal is knowing what you're retaining, where it goes, who can read it, and when it disappears.

The question I ended up using for my own threat model was:

If someone got a copy of every log on my Bitcoin server today, what would I need to consider compromised?

Curious how other self-hosters here handle log retention — especially people running Bitcoin Core + Lightning + monitoring on the same machine.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

You know how one person sometimes has the power to drastically change the price in a way that screws them over? Well just a heads-up, I just spent 50 bucks on a bitcoin price ticker that only has FIVE digits, it will be delivered between October 2nd-14th, so plan accordingly.

In future BTC will be the real in physical currency ???? and the entire world will be dependent on it. This is the right time to invest.

Hello,

In 2020 I had a mid life crisis just turned 40, been working the same job for 20 years, and took the last 5 years to clean up 112k of credit card debt, cars and student loans. So I’m 40, not much money, almost nothing in my 401k and at least my wife and I own a home and no debt.

So where do I go from here, I had a realization that if I play by the rules and start my 401k I could work another 25-30 years and maybe get to retire and live a few good years until I’m too old to be able to really live. So we work our entire lives and contribute to a system that is owned by them and rigged by them. so that they can get rich and maybe at the end I can have a little bit.

What a scam but we are all in it every day, our dollars are deflated, our buying power diminished. The government printing more, they all get rich while we get crumbs. So I took a risk, and I want to emphasize that it takes a risk to invest in bitcoin and unplug from the safe old system. I’ve never taken risks in my life.

Covid had hit and with the help of the cares act I took out my 401k in full and lumped into Bitcoin. Then I sold all my collectables (lord of the rings sword collection) and then stopped my 401k and used that money to DCA into Bitcoin, another risk as losing the employer match was not smart. I unplugged from THEIR system and invested in MY system.

That’s what resonated with me about Bitcoin that it was made for YOU! 401k, bonds, real estate, stock market, everything is rigged for THEM, all made by people corrupted by money and power to enrich themselves.

So fast forward to 2024, I was laid off by my company of 20 years and devastated, depressed because finding a job in tech sucks, I am still unemployed however I have had a few 6 month contracts but my wife and I are ok because we took the time to get out of debt (another system setup by assholes to keep you a slave and enrich them) we are ok because I still have my Bitcoin, haven’t sold one sat.

My point is to people who are on the edge buying in or wondering if Bitcoin is a scam just know that Bitcoin is a system for YOU, and you have a choice to keep compliance and enrich others, or take a risk on yourself.

So what are your stories? How did you find Bitcoin?

PS I just sold all my alts as well to keep me going. They are just a bastardization of Bitcoin made to do one thing, enrich their creators. Bitcoin was made for everyone. It’s not perfect by any means but it’s more perfect than investing in the ultimate shitcoin, the USD.

Thank you for attending my TED talk.

Who is playing with this??

Quick question for the community:

1. Exchanges: Where do you buy your Bitcoin? Are you using mainstream ones (like Binance, Nexo, etc.), or do you look for lower-fee alternatives and move your funds right away?
2. Storage: Which wallets are you trusting for self-custody?

Appreciate any insights or tips you can share!

Via en nätkontakt blev jag informerad om att finansiella placeringar kan göras på denna hemsida.
Jag gjorde en placering som sedan har ökat i värde och löptiden gick ut i augusti. Placeringen visas nu dom ett USD belopp.
När jag vill ta ut pengarna så kräver de att jag först gör en inbetalning som jag har gjort och jag är nu en junior placerare och har rätt till uttag varje månad med $400 och om jag gör ytterligare en inbetalning så har jag full rätt att ta ut hela beloppet eller göra en ny placering.
Jag är inte bekväm med att göra ytterligare inbetalningar eftersom det kan komma ytterligare krav som skall uppfyllas.
Har vi någon här som har haft kontakt med företaget och lyckats få ut kapitalet?

Www.Goldflix-group.ltd
De har även använt sig av andra beteckningar som kompletterar namnet Goldflix.

I have managed to accumulate 0.333 Bitcoin at age 22. I have been working and saving relentlessly.

expected to break 90k before Nov

I will be 65 mid 2027. I am not really retired but I am also deaf and have some other obstacles to employment so I guess I am retired now - under protest.

Rignt now my income does not cover my expenses.

I took CPP (canada pension plan) early, and together with two other private pensions right now I have $1,470/mo (all #'s in CAD)

Rent is 1120.

My car is paid for and worth 14k. ofc I have cell, internet, insurance,my utilities are covered.

I have a 10k TFSA (tax free savings account) - most in IBIT which is coming up again.
I have drawn $24,000 on my credit line which is growing.
I am going into debt to survive.
Thankfully I can juggle money this way and have lots of credit.

Quite surprisingly my credits core is 820 - go figure.

I own 2 BTC. Todays value $117,500 (volatility is high last few days reaching 120)
BTC does not pay interest - there are schemes but they dont make sense to me - I cant wrapmy brain around them.

I do need to supplement my income. I am living as lean as possible.

My plan is geographic arbitrage - move to south east asia where the cost of living is a third of what it is here.

When I get OAS next year I will have about $2100/mo CAD. (about 1,450 USD) If I stay in country I may get around 3-400 more in GIS-but its not worth staying just for that and besides I really need a change.

I'm hoping that BTC will recover its last ATH which was about 170k each. Then I might juggle some money - but capital gains come into play.

If I go abroad, I only need a modest supplement. I was thinking to sell 0.00333 of 1 BTC every month and DCA out. Thats a 25 year plan. Then simply live within my means.

The other BTC can sit for my Heirs. HODL

Lay it on me, any ideas - I'm all ears. Call me names if it makes you feel better-I likely deserve it too.

Ask (and answer!) away! Here are the general rules:

• If you'd like to learn something, ask.
• If you'd like to share knowledge, answer.
• Any question about Bitcoin is fair game.

And don't forget to check out /r/BitcoinBeginners

You can sort by new to see the latest questions that may not be answered yet.

Out of the ~19.8M BTC mined so far, estimates say millions are lost in forgotten hard drives and locked wallets.

​If we subtract lost coins and diamond hands, what's the true available supply being traded on exchanges today? Are we trading the same few million coins back and forth?

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

Still learning about Bitcoin. What's one lesson you wish you knew when you first started?

Can someone please let me know how to set up my PC to run Bitcoin Core in Tor ? I am running windows, downloaded full node. All runs well. I wanted to go step further and hide my IP.

I input those commands into the bitcoin.conf :

onion=127.0.0.1:9150
#proxy=127.0.0.1:9150
bind=127.0.0.1:8333

then I am getting this in my log file :

2026-09-28T00:37:56Z Imported mempool transactions from file: 2824 succeeded, 0 failed, 0 expired, 0 already there, 0 waiting for initial broadcast

2026-09-28T00:37:56Z initload thread exit

2026-09-28T00:37:56Z New block-relay-only peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=0

2026-09-28T00:37:57Z New block-relay-only peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=1

2026-09-28T00:37:57Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v1, version: 70016, blocks=968907 peer=2

2026-09-28T00:38:04Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=974447 peer=3

2026-09-28T00:38:04Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=4

2026-09-28T00:38:06Z P2P peers available. Skipped DNS seeding.

2026-09-28T00:38:06Z dnsseed thread exit

2026-09-28T00:38:11Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=6

2026-09-28T00:38:12Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=7

2026-09-28T00:38:13Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=9

2026-09-28T00:38:36Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=10

2026-09-28T00:38:37Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v2, version: 70016, blocks=968908 peer=11

2026-09-28T00:39:03Z New outbound-full-relay peer connected: transport: v1, version: 70016, blocks=968906 peer=12

And when I getnetworkinfo on my console : this is what I get



{

"version": 310000,

"subversion": "/Satoshi:31.0.0/",

"protocolversion": 70016,

"localservices": "0000000000000c09",

"localservicesnames": [

"NETWORK",

"WITNESS",

"NETWORK_LIMITED",

"P2P_V2"

],

"localrelay": true,

"timeoffset": 0,

"networkactive": true,

"connections": 8,

"connections_in": 0,

"connections_out": 8,

"networks": [

{

"name": "ipv4",

"limited": false,

"reachable": true,

"proxy": "",

"proxy_randomize_credentials": false

},

{

"name": "ipv6",

"limited": false,

"reachable": true,

"proxy": "",

"proxy_randomize_credentials": false

},

{

"name": "onion",

"limited": false,

"reachable": true,

"proxy": "127.0.0.1:9150",

"proxy_randomize_credentials": true

},

{

"name": "i2p",

"limited": true,

"reachable": false,

"proxy": "",

"proxy_randomize_credentials": false

},

{

"name": "cjdns",

"limited": true,

"reachable": false,

"proxy": "",

"proxy_randomize_credentials": false

}

],

"relayfee": 0.00000100,

"incrementalfee": 0.00000100,

"localaddresses": [

],

"warnings": [

]

}

How to tell if I am running my BCore in tor ?

Does anyone know a way to buy bitcoin without KYC, or without SSN and ID?

Hey all,

I just finished writing a book on Bitcoin and wanted to share it here. I poured a ton of research into it — the history of money, how Bitcoin actually works under the hood, the economics, the criticisms — and I tried to stay as neutral as possible throughout. There's a full chapter steelmanning the bear case, including how it could all go to zero, so you can weigh both sides and decide for yourself rather than being sold something.

The goal was a book I could hand to a smart skeptic and say "here, decide for yourself." It's structured to take you from first principles to the deeper debates — monetary history, the technical foundations, the real risks and open questions — without assuming you already believe.

I'm not trying to market anything. I'm just proud of the work I put in, and I want to gift the knowledge I've spent years diligently acquiring to the world. If you'd like a free copy of the ebook (EPUB or PDF), shoot me a DM and I'll send it over — and pass the knowledge forward for a better tomorrow.

I won't post links, but if you also want the title on Amazon, DM me. Thanks for your time, and keep learning.

I have been thinking about getting a entry-mid level ASIC Miner, my google searches tell me they do give $6 - $8 worth of crypto daily, not bad at all. No worries about electricity bills (Everything Solor, free electricity)

Real question are these miners really good, are there any dead ends in this. Like upgrades required or get new miner as this has gotten old, stuff like this.

And what is Solo Mining? sounds like a scam, anyone know anyone who has actually succeeded in doing that?

Just looking at the data, October has historically been one of BTC's strongest months. Green in 10 out of 13 years. But 2025 broke the streak with a ~4% loss, and this year we've got some serious macro headwinds. Fed meeting Oct 27-28 with markets pricing 65-70% chance of a rate hike, 10Y treasury yields above 5%, and BTC just got rejected hard at $87K. On the other hand, ETF inflows have been strong ($2.65B in the last 6 days), whale accumulation is insane, and exchange reserves are at all-time lows. So what wins, seasonality and on-chain data, or macro? How are you positioning for October?

i’ve been lurking on r/bonds and myriad equities subreddits, the reality of the current economic situation has become clear amongst tech normies and bond npcs alike

on the one hand, bond yields have increased such that they present a tempting proposition, “5.1% every year for 10 years? that would be nice, i could lock in the gains i have made riding up the ai bubble”

but today even the npcs know, governments will inflate away the currency such that by the time those bonds mature, the monies returned to them will buy substantially less in real terms

the tech equities npcs know full well that the ai bubble is doomed and that ai compute is a race to the bottom such that the cheapest adequate model will be what is used, the masses will not use frontier models that cost 10x what adequate chinese models do, europe is currently dealing with this via cheap chinese electric cars displacing legacy manufacturers such as volkswagen/bmw etc

in other words if/when ai is used at scale, it will be used and priced like a commodity (electricity, water etc) and not something that can be pumped up like an equity

so the dilemma presents itself thusly; do they lock in a guaranteed loss by fomoing in to government treasuries as yields rise higher and higher or do they subject their capital to the collapse of the ai bubble as ai compute assumes its final form as a commodity

at any rate, when all is said and done, bitcoin wins

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

Would a dedicated device with grapheneOS installed, that would stay turned off and in its bag when not in use be a somewhat secure way to hold your crypto, so that your not dealing with Windows or android, etc?

Would a dedicated device with grapheneOS installed, that would stay turned off and in its bag when not in use be a somewhat secure way to hold your crypto, so that your not dealing with Windows or android, etc?

I'm thinking of making my science project about Bitcoin. The main question is whether Bitcoin is truly worth investing in. But I want to do this right, so I did a bit of research, and I wanted to see if any of y'all could confirm and tell me if my understanding of Bitcoin mining is correct. So, from what I've read, Bitcoin mining is the process in which a mining computer generates a hash where, if the difficulty is set to 4 by the Bitcoin network and the hash starts with 4 or more zeros, then it is valid, and the mining computer receives Bitcoin. Please correct me if I got anything wrong or if I worded anything incorrectly. Also, if y'all think there's anything else I should learn about Bitcoin for my project please tell me so. Thank you.

There’s always still people out there hating bitcoin, talking bad about it, WITHOUT even understanding it first. Talking about dunning kruger. Imma just sybau now, im tired telling people about it, and if someone even mention it i just what is bitcoin bro? Absolute cinema, or maybe hocus pocus there might be among us

Been thinking about this after reading through a few threads on lost coins. Estimates put lost BTC somewhere around 3-4 million coins already — permanently gone, not because of hacks, but because the person who held the keys died (or lost access) and nobody else could get in.

The part that gets glossed over: even if your family legally inherits your Bitcoin (will, probate, whatever), that's completely separate from whether they can actually access it. A grant of probate doesn't unlock a hardware wallet. It doesn't pass 2FA. If nobody documented where the seed phrase is or which exchanges you used, "inheriting" the BTC just means inheriting a wallet address they can see on a block explorer and can't do anything with.

A few things worth actually sitting down and answering honestly:

• If something happened to you today, would your spouse/family even know which exchanges or wallets to look for?
• If your 2FA is tied to your phone and only your phone, what happens when the phone is locked and nobody has the PIN?
• Is your seed phrase written somewhere your family could plausibly find — but a random person going through your stuff couldn't?

Not trying to be morbid, just think this is one of those things that's genuinely easy to put off indefinitely because it forces you to think about your own death, but the cost of not doing it is total and permanent for the people you'd actually want to inherit it.

Curious if anyone here has actually been on the "family member died, tried to access their BTC" side of this. Did it work? Did anything get lost?

What is the best way to find buyers for BTC selling legit clean btc for cash in person in the US?

Looking to sell for cash in person at willing to sell at 4% below market.

Localcoinswap.com is pretty good. Are there any other platform or groups or places to do this?

Please don’t tell me not to sell, I’m just curious how I could sell btc for cash. I will pay my taxes on it, but I prefer selling for hard cash.

Most of you know the "fair share" idea: 21 million BTC ÷ ~8.2 billion people ≈ 0.00256 BTC per person, or about 256,000 sats.

What I hadn't thought about is how much the dollar cost of that share swings while the sat amount never changes:

• At the October 2025 peak (~$126,210): about $323
• Today (~$84,000): about $215

Same 256,000 sats. The share didn't get smaller. It got about a third cheaper.

A few other things that fall out of the same math:

• $100 a month buys about 119,000 sats at today's price, so one fair share takes a little over two months.
• 1 BTC is roughly 390 fair shares.
• Even if every coin were spread perfectly, at most 21 million people could ever hold a whole Bitcoin. That's about 1 in 390 people on Earth, and with lost coins, the real number is smaller.

The sat count is the constant. The dollar price is what moves around it.

how do I top up my Bisq wallet to buy BTC in bisq? Can anyone let me know a website or something that can top up your bisq wallet without any form of KYC? if anyone knows, please leave a reply below. Cheers!

Hello,

I want to trade my whole life savings I got with 27 in crypto, should I just put everything in BTC or what do I do with this much money at its best? Would be crazy to get some +% even 5% would make me very very happy and would let my life savings get a new first number.

Greetings I appreciate every help!

I’m looking for recommendations for a good crypto exchange to use in Germany, mainly for buying and holding Bitcoin.

I recently used Kraken and honestly had a really bad experience with it. I found the platform extremely frustrating to use and I’m not happy with the overall experience, no support, deposits not available and failed (money taken from bank anyway)

So I’m looking for alternatives. What exchange would you recommend for someone in Germany/Europe? Ideally, I’m looking for:

• Low fees
• Easy EUR deposits/withdrawals
• Reliable and secure
• Good BTC withdrawal options

Is bitvavo a good exchange?

I'm writing a novel and have a scene with a bitcoin wallet it in.

My question: One of the characters was given a bitcoin wallet with money on it (or do you say with bitcoin on it), and he gives the wallet to another character to conduct certain business. When the character spends some of the money in the wallet, is it possible for the character that gave the other character the wallet to tell when, where, and how much money was moved off the wallet? Is that possible?

I don't want to ask AI because I wouldn't know whether it was hallucinating. My goal is to write an authentic, believable and realistic scene. Thank you if you can help.

I think I was the victim of a malware on Electrum 4.7.1. I looked for information, but I have never seen anything like this. I sent a transaction to Kraken, to the correct address, but strangely the transaction had a very low fee, different from the one I had set (I set 3 sat/vbyte, it was 0.1 sat/vbyte). So I did a replace-by-fee, but the replace-by-fee sent the funds to a similar address that was not the same one, and now they are going to this address, which I do not know who owns. This is the transaction ID:

f4db8cdf211b53a24a4e9825f46d3b6d0b06d312912d04c5a0fffc8d32e96757

Yes, it is 1.26 BTC. It hurts. It hurts a lot. Thank you to anyone who can help by confirming the scam, or by suggesting a way to check if the funds are safe. Thanks.

Edit: I'm making this post mostly to warn people to double-check and triple-check the destination address even in a replace-by-fee transaction, because the address can be altered during this phase too according to the Bitcoin protocol. I hope this helps someone avoid falling for the same SCAM I did. The more we learn from our mistakes, the less we get hurt. Thanks, everyone.

Please utilize this sticky thread for all general Bitcoin discussions! If you see posts on the front page or /r/Bitcoin/new which are better suited for this daily discussion thread, please help out by directing the OP to this thread instead. Thank you!

If you don't get an answer to your question, you can try phrasing it differently or commenting again tomorrow.

Please check the previous discussion thread for unanswered questions.

After the second cycle I started keeping a basic journal for every Bitcoin move I made. Date, amount, reason at the time, and one line on what the chain looked like then. Scanning those entries now shows the same urges repeating, only the dates and block heights change. Nothing dramatic, just a reminder that the protocol keeps doing what it did before anyone called it a cycle. The dry part is realizing most of my early notes still hold up without any updates. How do you handle your own review process when the next round starts?

Educational only — not financial advice.

Trying to learn how macro affects crypto and I'm already lost. The Fed raised rates for the first time in 3 years last week which is supposed to be bearish for risky assets. But Bitcoin went from $80k to $86k right after.

Best I can figure is oil prices dropped hard at the same time and the Trump-Xi meeting these days is making people optimistic, so those just outweighed the hike? Is it always like this where 3 things happen at once and the market just picks which one to care about? Would love an explanation from someone who actually gets this.